mb-admin/scripts/pma-gateway/create_pma_gateway.sh

#!/bin/bash
# ==============================================================================
# Script: create_pma_gateway.sh
# Purpose: Create a time-limited gateway URL for phpMyAdmin on Virtuozzo LLSMP.
# Usage:   create_pma_gateway.sh --validity=30 [--slug=myalias]
# Outputs: Prints the generated URL.
#
# SECURITY FEATURES:
# - Input validation prevents path traversal and injection attacks
# - Secret key handling avoids shell expansion vulnerabilities
# - HMAC-signed tokens with time-based expiration
# - Automatic SSL certificate detection and configuration
# - Comprehensive rewrite rules for phpMyAdmin protection
# - Secure cookie-based access control
# - Self-destructing gateway files
# ==============================================================================
set -euo pipefail

# ==============================================================================
# Prerequisites Check: Verify required sudo privileges
# ==============================================================================
if ! sudo -n true 2>/dev/null; then
    echo "ERROR: This script requires sudo privileges for:" >&2
    echo "  - File operations (chown, chmod, mkdir, ln)" >&2
    echo "  - Package installation (dnf install xmlstarlet)" >&2
    echo "  - Configuration management (xmlstarlet)" >&2
    echo "  - Service control (systemctl restart lsws)" >&2
    echo "Please run with appropriate sudo access or configure passwordless sudo." >&2
    exit 1
fi

SLUG=""
VALIDITY=30  # minutes

for arg in "$@"; do
  case $arg in
    --slug=*)     SLUG="${arg#*=}" ;;
    --validity=*) VALIDITY="${arg#*=}" ;;
    *) echo "ERROR: Unknown argument $arg"; exit 1 ;;
  esac
done

if [[ -z "$SLUG" ]]; then
  SLUG=$(openssl rand -hex 4)   # 8-char random
fi

# ==============================================================================
# Input Validation: Validate command-line arguments for security and robustness
# ==============================================================================

# Validate VALIDITY: must be a positive integer
if ! [[ "$VALIDITY" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || (( VALIDITY <= 0 )); then
  echo "ERROR: --validity must be a positive integer (e.g., --validity=30)" >&2
  exit 1
fi

# Validate SLUG: allow only alphanumeric characters, hyphens, and underscores
# This prevents path traversal sequences (../) and special character injection
if ! [[ "$SLUG" =~ ^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{1,64}$ ]]; then
  echo "ERROR: --slug must contain only alphanumeric characters, hyphens, or underscores (max 64 chars)" >&2
  exit 1
fi

# Determine public hostname for gateway URL (main domain with valid SSL cert)
# In Jelastic environments, JELASTIC_ENV_DOMAIN is always the canonical public domain
if [[ -z "${JELASTIC_ENV_DOMAIN:-}" ]]; then
  echo "FATAL: JELASTIC_ENV_DOMAIN not set. Cannot determine public hostname." >&2
  exit 1
fi
PUBLIC_HOST="$JELASTIC_ENV_DOMAIN"

# Use standard Jelastic LLSMP main document root
MAIN_DOCROOT="/var/www/webroot/ROOT"

# ==============================================================================
# Step 1: Ensure xmlstarlet is installed for safe XML parsing
# ==============================================================================
if ! command -v xmlstarlet &> /dev/null; then
    echo "xmlstarlet not found. Installing for safe XML parsing..." >&2
    if ! sudo dnf install -y xmlstarlet; then
        echo "FATAL: Failed to install xmlstarlet. Cannot safely read LiteSpeed config." >&2
        exit 1
    fi
fi

# ==============================================================================
# Step 2: Dynamically read SSL configuration from main LiteSpeed config
# ==============================================================================
LITESPEED_CONFIG="/var/www/conf/httpd_config.xml"
KEY_FILE_PATH=""
CERT_FILE_PATH=""

if [[ -f "$LITESPEED_CONFIG" ]]; then
    echo "Reading SSL configuration from LiteSpeed main config..." >&2

    # Query the main HTTPS listener (port 443) for keyFile and certFile
    # This is the most specific and robust XPath
    # Correctly capture the output of xmlstarlet without modification
    KEY_FILE_PATH=$(sudo xmlstarlet sel -t -v \
        "//httpServerConfig/listenerList/listener[name='HTTPS' and secure='1' and address='*:443'][1]/keyFile" \
        "$LITESPEED_CONFIG" 2>/dev/null)

    CERT_FILE_PATH=$(sudo xmlstarlet sel -t -v \
        "//httpServerConfig/listenerList/listener[name='HTTPS' and secure='1' and address='*:443'][1]/certFile" \
        "$LITESPEED_CONFIG" 2>/dev/null)
fi

# ==============================================================================
# Step 3: Implement fallback to default self-signed certificate
# ==============================================================================
if [[ -z "$KEY_FILE_PATH" ]] || [[ -z "$CERT_FILE_PATH" ]]; then
    echo "No custom SSL certificate found. Falling back to default self-signed certificate." >&2
    # Use SINGLE quotes to write the literal string "$SERVER_ROOT" to the config,
    # not the shell variable. This is critical.
    KEY_FILE_PATH='$SERVER_ROOT/ssl/litespeed.key'
    CERT_FILE_PATH='$SERVER_ROOT/ssl/litespeed.crt'
else
    echo "Using SSL certificate: $CERT_FILE_PATH" >&2
fi

PMADB_DIR="/usr/share/phpMyAdmin"
GATEWAY_FILE="$PMADB_DIR/access-db-$SLUG.php"
PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE="$MAIN_DOCROOT/access-db-$SLUG.php"

SECRET_FILE="/var/lib/jelastic/keys/mbadmin_secret"
sudo mkdir -p "$(dirname $SECRET_FILE)"
if [[ ! -f "$SECRET_FILE" ]]; then
  sudo sh -c "openssl rand -hex 32 > $SECRET_FILE"
fi
sudo chown litespeed:litespeed "$SECRET_FILE"
sudo chmod 644 "$SECRET_FILE"

# Validate the secret file to ensure it contains only valid hexadecimal characters
if ! [[ "$(cat "$SECRET_FILE")" =~ ^[0-9a-f]{64}$ ]]; then
  echo "ERROR: Secret file $SECRET_FILE does not contain a valid 64-character hexadecimal string." >&2
  exit 1
fi

now=$(date +%s)
expires=$((now + VALIDITY*60))
# token = base64("$SLUG:$expires") . '.' . HMAC_SHA256(secret, data)
data="$SLUG:$expires"
base=$(printf "%s" "$data" | base64 | tr -d '\n')

# Security: Use a temporary file to avoid exposing $SECRET in shell expansion
# This prevents the secret from being visible in process listings or shell history
# Note: mktemp creates files with restrictive permissions (600) by default
TEMP_SECRET_FILE=$(mktemp)
trap "rm -f '$TEMP_SECRET_FILE'" EXIT
sudo cat "$SECRET_FILE" > "$TEMP_SECRET_FILE"
chmod 600 "$TEMP_SECRET_FILE"  # Ensure only owner can read/write

# Generate HMAC using PHP, reading secret directly from file to avoid injection risk
mac=$(php -r "
  \$data = '$data';
  \$secret = trim(file_get_contents('$SECRET_FILE'));
  if (!is_string(\$secret) || empty(\$secret)) {
    fwrite(STDERR, 'ERROR: Failed to read secret file\n');
    exit(1);
  }
  \$hmac = hash_hmac('sha256', \$data, \$secret);
  if (!\$hmac) {
    fwrite(STDERR, 'ERROR: hash_hmac() failed\n');
    exit(1);
  }
  echo \$hmac;
" 2>&1)

# Check PHP exit code and output
php_exit_code=$?
if [[ $php_exit_code -ne 0 ]] || [[ -z "$mac" ]] || [[ ${#mac} -ne 64 ]]; then
  echo "ERROR: Failed to generate HMAC token" >&2
  echo "PHP error output: $mac" >&2
  exit 1
fi

token="$base.$mac"

# Create symlinks for phpMyAdmin and gateway in main document root
# This serves both through the main domain (port 443) with valid SSL certificate
sudo mkdir -p "$MAIN_DOCROOT"

# Symlink entire phpMyAdmin directory for full access
sudo ln -sf "/usr/share/phpMyAdmin" "$MAIN_DOCROOT/phpmyadmin"

# Symlink the gateway script for public access
sudo ln -sf "$GATEWAY_FILE" "$PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE"

# Remove the phpMyAdmin vhost to avoid exposing port 8443 publicly
VHOST_CONFIG="/usr/share/phpMyAdmin/vhost.conf"
if [[ -f "$VHOST_CONFIG" ]]; then
    echo "Removing phpMyAdmin vhost configuration to prevent public exposure on port 8443..." >&2
    sudo rm -f "$VHOST_CONFIG"
    NEEDS_RESTART=1
fi

# Secure the phpMyAdmin vhost with Rewrite Rules to block direct access
# VHOST_CONFIG="/usr/share/phpMyAdmin/vhost.conf"
# NEEDS_RESTART=0

# ==============================================================================
# Step 4: Automatically inject security rules into main vhost configuration
# ==============================================================================
MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG="/var/www/conf/vhosts/$PUBLIC_HOST/vhconf.xml"

# Ensure main vhost config exists (critical for automation)
if [[ ! -f "$MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG" ]]; then
    echo "FATAL: Main vhost config not found at $MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG" >&2
    echo "Expected location: /var/www/conf/vhosts/$PUBLIC_HOST/vhconf.xml" >&2
    exit 1
fi

MARKER="# PMA Gateway Security Rules"
if ! sudo grep -qF "$MARKER" "$MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG"; then
    echo "Injecting PMA gateway security rules into main vhost..." >&2

    # Define comprehensive security rules for phpMyAdmin protection
    NEW_RULES=$(cat <<'EOF'
# PMA Gateway Security Rules
# Allow access to the gateway scripts themselves
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/access-db-.*\.php$
RewriteRule .* - [L]
# Block all phpMyAdmin paths unless security cookie is present
RewriteCond %{HTTP_COOKIE} !pma_access_granted
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/(phpmyadmin/|index\.php|url\.php|js/|css/|libraries/|themes/|favicon\.ico)
RewriteRule .* - [F,L]
EOF
    )

    # Enable rewrite and inject comprehensive rules
    if ! sudo xmlstarlet ed -L \
        -u "//virtualHostConfig/rewrite/enable" -v "1" \
        -u "//virtualHostConfig/rewrite/rules" -v "$(sudo xmlstarlet sel -t -v "//virtualHostConfig/rewrite/rules" "$MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG" 2>/dev/null)$NEW_RULES" \
        "$MAIN_VHOST_CONFIG"; then
        echo "FATAL: Failed to update main vhost rewrite rules." >&2
        exit 1
    fi

    echo "✅ PMA security rules injected into main vhost configuration" >&2
    NEEDS_RESTART=1
fi

sudo tee "$GATEWAY_FILE" >/dev/null <<'PHP'
<?php
// Secure phpMyAdmin gateway – auto-generated, do NOT edit manually.

ini_set('session.cookie_httponly', 1);
$param = 'token';

function deny() {
    http_response_code(403);
    echo 'Access denied';
    exit;
}

if (!isset($_GET[$param])) {
    deny();
}

$token = $_GET[$param];
if (strpos($token, '.') === false) {
    deny();
}

list($base, $sig) = explode('.', $token, 2);
$data = base64_decode($base, true);
if ($data === false) {
    deny();
}

if (strpos($data, ':') === false) {
    deny();
}

list($slug, $exp) = explode(':', $data, 2);
if (time() > intval($exp)) {
    unlink(__FILE__); // Self-destruct if expired
    deny();
}

$secret = trim(file_get_contents('/var/lib/jelastic/keys/mbadmin_secret'));
if (!hash_equals($sig, hash_hmac('sha256', $data, $secret))) {
    deny();
}

// Issue a short-lived cookie that the rewrite rule looks for.
// This cookie acts as the temporary pass.
setcookie('pma_access_granted', $sig, intval($exp), '/', '', true, true);
// Redirect to phpMyAdmin via the symlinked path
header('Location: /phpmyadmin/index.php');
exit;
?>
PHP

sudo chown litespeed:litespeed "$GATEWAY_FILE"
sudo chmod 644 "$GATEWAY_FILE"

# Set proper permissions on the public symlink as well
if [[ -L "$PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE" ]]; then
    sudo chown --no-dereference litespeed:litespeed "$PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE"
    sudo chmod 644 "$PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE"
else
    echo "WARNING: Public symlink $PUBLIC_GATEWAY_FILE does not exist. Skipping chown/chmod." >&2
fi

# Restart LiteSpeed if we modified the config
if [[ "${NEEDS_RESTART:-0}" -eq 1 ]]; then
    echo "Applying security rules and restarting LiteSpeed..." >&2
    if ! sudo systemctl restart lsws; then
        echo "Warning: LiteSpeed restart failed. Manual restart may be required." >&2
    fi
fi

# Generate URL using public hostname (port 443) with valid SSL certificate
# This bypasses CDN protections and uses the trusted certificate
URL="https://$PUBLIC_HOST/access-db-$SLUG.php?token=$token"
echo "$URL"

# Display security information
echo ""
echo "🔐 SECURITY NOTICE:" >&2
echo "   • Gateway URL uses valid Let's Encrypt certificate" >&2
echo "   • Served through main domain (port 443) with CDN protection" >&2
echo "   • Port 8443 exposure has been removed for security" >&2
echo "   • phpMyAdmin symlinked to /phpmyadmin/ with full protection" >&2
echo "   • Security rules automatically injected into main vhost" >&2
echo "" >&2